NITI Aayog Vs Planning Commission Facts

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  • Economic Planning is the procedure in which the restricted natural resources are consumed skillfully so as to accomplish the most wanted goals. The thought of Economic Planning in India is inspired from Russia.
  • The format of first Five Year Plan was prepared in 1951.
  • The Planning Commission was constituted in India in 1950 as a non-constitutional and advisory body.
  • The First Chairman is Jawaharlal Nehru.
  • The First Deputy Chairman is Gulsarilal Nanda.
  • It was established in 1950.
  • The headquarters is at Yojana Bhavan.
  • The father of Indian Planning is M. Visweswarayya.
  • The Planning Commission formulates India's Five-Year Plans, among other functions.
  • The Planning Commission is simply an advisory body based on the 39th article of the constitution.
  • Cabinet Ministers with positive chief portfolios act as part-time members for the Commission, whereas the full-time members are professionals of different fields like Economics, engineering, Science, Technology and Administration.
  • The basic aim of economic planning in India: Rapid economic growth through development of agriculture, industry, power, transport and communications and all other sectors.
  • The Kerala State Planning Board came into effect in 1967. The State Planning Commission Chairman is Chief Minister.

NITI Aayog at a Glance

  • Established in January 2015
  • Chairperson - PM
  • Governing Council - Chief Ministers and Lt. Governors of UTs
  • Vice Chairman appointed by PM
  • Ex officio members - Central Ministers
  • PM appointed CEO

Important Facts about NITI Aayog

  • NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India) was set up replacing Planning Commission on January 1 2015.
  • The Prime Minister will head the NITI Aayog.
  • NITI Aayog would manage the role of preparing policies and direction of the government.
  • Its governing, council will comprise of the Chief Minister and the Lieutenant Governers of Union Territories.
  • The Prime Minister will appoint the Vice Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer of NITI Aayog.
  • Asian Development Bank's former Chief Economist Arvind Panagariya is the first chairperson of NITI Aayog.
  • The Aayog will advise a national agenda, consisting strategic and practical advice on basics of strategy and economic matters.
  • It will also expand mechanisms for village level policy and aggregate these increasingly at superior levels of government.

Planning Commission at a Glance

  • Established in March 1950
  • Chairperson - PM
  • National Development Council (PM, Cabinet, CMs, State Finance Ministers)
  • Deputy Chairman appointed by PM
  • Ex officio members - Minister of Planning
  • Secretary Planning

Important Facts about Planning Commission

Planning is the key to development for a developing country. For a mixed economy like India where both public sector and private sector exist alongside in the nation building process, the aim of the planning proms is to offer quality of life to its citizens. In a welfare state, equal opportunity in terms of education and employment, equitable distribution of wealth, health and social security are crucial.

To that end, in India we have the Planning Commission (constituted in March 1950), National Planning Council (established in 1965), and National Development Council. The Five Year Plans are drawn by the Planning Commission. Besides there have been three Annual Plans - (a) 1966-67 to 1968-69 (Plan holiday during War with China and Pakistan); (b) 1978-79 to 1979-80 (during Janata Government); and 1990-91 to 1991-92 (to bring about maximum employment and social transformation).

Highlights of 10th Plan (2002 - 2007)

  • Doubling of per capita income in 10 years
  • Achieving growth rate of 8% of GDP per annum
  • Reduction of poverty from 26 to 21 % by 2007
  • Decadal population growth to be reduced from 21.3% (1991-2001) to 16.2% in 2001-2011
  • Growth in gainful employment to keep pace with the addition to labour force
  • All children to be in school and 5 years schooling by 2007
  • Reduce gender gaps in literacy and wage rates by 50%
  • Literacy Rate to be increased from 65% to 75% by 2007
  • Providing potable drinking water in all villages
  • Infant Mortality Rate to be reduced from 72 (1999-00) to 45 in 2007
  • Maternal mortality ratio to be reduced from 4 (1999-00) to 2 in 2007
  • Increase in forest/tree cover from 19% (1999-00) to 25% in 2007
  • Cleaning of major polluted river stretches.

Highlights of 11th Plan (2007–2012)

  • It was in the period of Manmohan Singh as a prime minister.
  • It aimed to increase the enrolment in higher education of 18–23 years of age group by 2011–12.
  • It focused on distant education, convergence of formal, non-formal, distant and IT education institutions.
  • Rapid and inclusive growth (poverty reduction)
  • Highlighting on public sector and supply of service therein
  • Empowerment through education and skill development
  • Reduction of gender inequality
  • Environmental sustainability
  • To boost the growth rate in the field of agriculture, manufacturing and services to 4%, 10% and 9% respectively.
  • Reduce total fertility rate to 2.1.
  • Provide clean drinking water for all by 2009.
  • Increase agriculture growth to 4%.

Highlights of 12th Plan (2012 - 2017)

  • To produce around 50 million fresh work opportunities in the non agricultural sector
  • To eradicate gender and communal space in school enrolment
  • To enhance access to higher education
  • To reduce malnutrition among children aged 0–3 years.
  • To provide electricity to all villages
  • To guarantee that around 50% of rural population have right to use proper drinking water
  • To enlarge green cover by around 1 million hectare each year
  • To provide access to banking services to 90% of households